Returning Multiple Values from a Function

std::pair provides a convenient way to return multiple values from a function. You can use it as the return type of your function, and then return a pair object containing the desired values. Here's an example:

1#include <iostream>
2#include <utility>
3
4std::pair<int, bool> divide(int a, int b) {
5  if (b == 0) {
6    return {0, false};  
7  } else {
8    return {a / b, true};  
9  }
10}
11
12int main() {
13  auto [result, success] = divide(10, 2);  
14  if (success) {
15    std::cout << "Result: " << result;
16  } else {
17    std::cout << "Division by zero!";
18  }
19}

1Result: 5

In this example, the divide function takes two integers a and b as parameters and returns a std::pair<int, bool>. The first element of the pair is the division result, and the second element is a boolean indicating whether the division was successful (i.e., b was not zero).

Inside the function, we check if b is zero. If it is, we return a pair with 0 as the result and false for success. Otherwise, we return a pair with the division result and true for success.

In the main function, we call divide(10, 2) and use structured binding to unpack the returned pair into two variables: result and success. We then check the success value and print the result if the division was successful, or print an error message otherwise.

By using std::pair, we can easily return multiple related values from a function in a single return statement.