Remove with Multiple Conditions

To remove elements from a container based on multiple conditions using std::remove_if(), you can define a predicate function that encapsulates these conditions.

The predicate function will return true if an element should be removed.

Here’s an example using a std::vector<int> where we want to remove elements that are either less than 2 or greater than 5:

1#include <algorithm>
2#include <iostream>
3#include <vector>
4
5int main() {
6  std::vector<int> Source{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7};
7
8  // Define the predicate with multiple conditions
9  auto Predicate = [](int x) {
10    return x < 2 || x > 5;
11  };
12
13  // Apply std::remove_if with the predicate
14  auto NewEnd = std::remove_if(
15    Source.begin(), Source.end(), Predicate);
16
17  // Erase the surplus elements
18  Source.erase(NewEnd, Source.end());
19
20  // Display the result
21  std::cout << "Filtered elements in Source: ";
22  for (auto Num : Source) {
23    std::cout << Num << ", ";
24  }
25}

1Filtered elements in Source: 2, 3, 4, 5,

In this example:

• We define a lambda function Predicate that returns true if an element is less than 2 or greater than 5.
• We pass this predicate to std::remove_if(), which moves the elements that meet the conditions to the end of the container and returns an iterator to the new logical end.
• We then use the erase() method to remove the surplus elements from the container.

This approach is flexible and allows you to define any combination of conditions within the predicate function. You can easily adapt this method to other containers and more complex conditions.

For example, you could remove elements from a container of user-defined types based on multiple member variables:

1#include <algorithm>
2#include <iostream>
3#include <vector>
4
5class Player {
6 public:
7  Player(std::string name, int score)
8    : Name{name}, Score{score} {}
9
10  std::string Name;
11  int Score;
12};
13
14int main() {
15  std::vector<Player> Players{
16    {"Alice", 10}, {"Bob", 5},
17    {"Charlie", 7}, {"Diana", 2}
18  };
19
20  // Define the predicate for multiple conditions
21  auto Predicate = [](const Player& p) {
22    return p.Score < 5 || p.Score > 8;
23  };
24
25  // Apply std::remove_if with the predicate
26  auto NewEnd = std::remove_if(Players.begin(),
27    Players.end(), Predicate);
28
29  // Erase the surplus elements
30  Players.erase(NewEnd, Players.end());
31
32  // Display the result
33  std::cout << "Filtered players: ";
34  for (const auto& p : Players) {
35    std::cout << p.Name << " (Score "
36      << p.Score << "), ";
37  }
38}

1Filtered players: Bob (Score 5), Charlie (Score 7),

This demonstrates how you can use std::remove_if() with complex conditions tailored to your specific use case.